Insurance companies use a variety of tactics during settlement negotiations in personal injury cases to minimize the amount they have to pay. Here are some common tactics used by insurance companies:

1. Lowball offers: Insurance companies may start with a low settlement offer in order to see if the plaintiff will accept it without negotiation.

2. Delay tactics: Insurance companies may delay the settlement process by requesting additional information or dragging out the negotiation process. This can be frustrating for plaintiffs and may cause them to accept a lower settlement offer out of desperation.

3. Disputing liability: Insurance companies may dispute liability for the accident, even when liability is clear. This can be a way to avoid paying damages or to reduce the amount of damages paid.

4. Disputing damages: Insurance companies may also dispute the amount of damages being sought by the plaintiff. They may argue that the medical bills or lost wages are not reasonable or necessary.

5. Pressure tactics: Insurance companies may use pressure tactics, such as threatening to withdraw a settlement offer or to take the case to trial, in order to get the plaintiff to accept a lower settlement offer.

6. Questioning the severity of injuries: Insurance companies may question the severity of the plaintiff's injuries, arguing that they are not as severe as claimed or that they are not related to the accident.

7. Using recorded statements: Insurance companies may use recorded statements made by the plaintiff to try to weaken their case or to use against them in settlement negotiations.

It's important to be aware of these tactics and to work with an experienced personal injury attorney who can help you navigate the negotiation process and negotiate a fair settlement on your behalf.